various system-, hardware-, and I/O-architectures used for supercomputers, i.e. computers that led the world in terms of processing capacity, and particularly in the speed of calculations, at the time of their introduction, or share key architectural aspects with these computers
typical operation of data and computing centers
differentiation between supercomputers, high-performance computers, clusters, research computing
different metrics to calculate supercomputing performance (e.g., Linpack, HPCChallenge, GreenHPC etc)
List typical computing centers.
Differentiate among supercomputers, high-performance computers, clusters, and research computing.
Characterize different metrics to calculate supercomputing performance (e.g., Linpack, HPCChallenge, GreenHPC, etc).